Aerodynamic Modeling and Parameter Estimation from QAR Data of an Airplane Approaching a High-altitude Airport

Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic modeling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil airplane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.     

船载测控系统遥控小环误码分析与解决方案

针对某型船载测控系统中遥控设备存在遥控小环比对误码故障,在分析遥控小环接收解调机理基础上,通过模拟仿真和试验研究,建立了遥控副载波收发相位延迟与数据解调间的关系模型,提出了解决遥控小环设备误码问题的设计方案。试验结果表明,该方案对于解决船载测控系统中遥控小环比对误码问题是有效的、可靠的,降低了遥控指令小环比对错误的虚、漏概率,确保了遥控指令发送状态信息的实时监视。     

飞机颠簸及其飞行处置

目的研究导致飞机颠簸的天气形势和环境条件;方法通过对颠簸区中的飞行气象条件、影响颠簸的几个主要因素、颠簸对飞行的影响以及在颠簸区中飞行时飞行员应采取的一些措施做了简要介绍,分析飞机颠簸预报指数和指标;结果揭示产生飞机颠簸的气象条件;结论增强飞机气象保障能力,以保障飞行安全。     

Sensitivity Analysis for Safety Design Verification of General Aviation Reciprocating Aircraft Engine

This paper presents an application of global sensitivity analysis for system safety analysis of reciprocating aircraft engine. Compared with local sensitivity analysis results, global sensitivity analysis could provide more information on parameter interactions, which are significant in complex system safety analysis. First, a deterministic aviation reciprocating engine thermodynamics model is developed and parameters of interest are defined as random variables. Then, samples are generated by Monte Carlo method for the parameters used in engine model on the basis of definition of factor distribution. Eventually, results from engine model are generated and importance indices are calculated. Based on the analysis results, design is improved to satisfy the airworthiness requirements. The results reveal that by using global sensitivity analysis, the parameters could be ranked with respect to their importance, including first order indices and total sensitivity indices. By reducing the uncertainty of parameters and adjusting the range of inputs, safety criteria would be satisfied.     

假人空投试验六分量天平研究

依据救生伞假人空投试验中六分量应变天平的工作条件与载荷特点,确定了天平的设计载荷并完成了结构设计。针对实际应用中天平各种极限载荷情况,计算了天平各弹性元件的安全系数。对天平应力场进行了有限元分析,获取了天平整体应力分布状况。进一步对传统计算结果进行了验证,为天平结构设计提供了理论依据。     

Methods of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering and trajectory safety analysis

Based on the analytical solutions of T-H equations and its state transition matrix form,the open-loop control method of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering was studied,which is promising for practical engineering use.The true anomaly intervals of the hovering impulse were optimized by the nonlinear mathematical programming.Based on the calculation of collision probability,the method of safety analysis and risk management was proposed.The numerical simulations show that the introduced relative hovering method can be used for circular and elliptical reference orbits hovering.Furthermore,the local optimal solution can be obtained by applying the true anomaly intervals optimization method.The maximum collision probability and the minimum relative distance nearly appear at the same time.And,the smaller the relative distance is,the larger the collision probability.     

基于ANSYS的多辐板风扇盘结构 优化设计技术

基于ANSYS优化平台,建立了风扇盘子午面优化设计模型,筛选了主要的优化设计变量.针对典型风扇盘设计问题,分别进行了单辐板及多辐板结构优化设计.结果表明,在满足轮盘变形、强度要求的条件下,多辐板风扇盘比单辐板风扇盘可明显减轻质量,并且其应力分布更为均匀,说明对于轮缘较宽的风扇盘,多辐板轮盘结构具有明显优越性.同时,多辐板轮盘结构还有利于增强轮缘弯曲刚度.      

交叉航路飞行间隔安全评估研究

在交叉航路上初步研究了碰撞风险模型,从冲突区域模型、概率论模型、Event模型、Reich及其改进模型等5种碰撞风险模型的角度,分析了各个模型的使用范围及建模思想,并在此基础上分析了飞行间隔安全评估未来的研究方向：基于CNS性能的飞行间隔安全评估,防撞系统如何减少碰撞风险以及人为因素对碰撞风险的影响,为今后的研究奠定了基础。     

火工品安全性影响因素分析

针对目前国内外关于火工品安全性影响因素的研究较少且没有形成相关体系的不足,通过对各类火工品典型结构、作用原理及安全性因素进行的分析,提出了各类火工品的防护措施。分析结果表明:热能火工品和机械能火工品主要针对环境中的机械力作用及摩擦热进行防护;化学能火工品还需要注意防霉菌,控制储存环境的温、湿度以及防止化学药剂意外泄漏;光能火工品受外部影响最小,其防护措施主要针对储存环境温度进行控制;电能火工品主要防静电和射频的干扰。     

跑道侵入概念中的地面保护区研究

为了便于信息交换、数据对比以及不安全事件的研究、分析和防范,亟待明确跑道侵入的外延与内涵。目前国际民航组织关于“跑道侵入”概念中存在一个“地面保护区”的术语,业内人士对其理解不尽相同。在综合考虑升降带、端安全区、仪表着陆系统场地保护区、无障碍区域、障碍物评价面等限制条件的基础上,对地面保护区的划设提出了明确的意见。结论支持并丰富了国际民航组织有关跑道侵入的定义。